A Review on Wire-Fed Directed Energy Deposition Based Metal Additive Manufacturing

Metal additive manufacturing has reached a level where products and components can be directly fabricated for applications requiring small batches customized designs, from tinny body implants to long pedestrian bridges over rivers. Wire-fed directed energy deposition based enables fabricating large parts in cost-effective way. However, achieving reliable mechanical properties, desired structural integrity, homogeneity microstructure grain size is challenging due layerwise-built characteristics. Manufacturing processes, alloy composition, process variables, post-processing of the part strongly affect resultant and, as consequence, component serviceability. This paper reviews advances wire-fed deposition, specifically wire arc metal recent efforts tailoring during shape. The also addresses modeling methods that improve qualification by modifying avoid repetitive trials material waste.